Indictment of use of technology to improve learning?

Has education wasted the money and opportunity to improve learning, teaching, achievement by only using new technologies to perpetuate traditional, non-effective learning strategies?

What/Where is the evidence?
 
What is meant by using new technology as a "cognitive tool?" What would that look like?
 

Special Edition: Educational Outcomes & Researc h from 1:1 Computing Settings  
The Journal of Technology, Learning, and Assessment

The End of Techno-Critique: The Naked Truth about 1:1 Laptop Initiatives and Educational Chang
http://escholarship.bc.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1193&context=jtla